•Suppose we are trying to calculate the average inventory for a product in all warehouses
•SQL Average function would count up the rows in the fact table and that would be the cardinality; but is it?  What if a warehouse didn’t have a product?  This is an issue of sparsity.
•Solution:  Load zero rows. 
–No.  We would balloon the size of the fact tbl.
•What if we want the average inventory for a product across the company (assume our grain is inventory by product by month and we have 4 warehouses)?
–Now we have another problem – a grain problem.  We want to compute an average at a higher level of summarization than our fact table.  In other words,  our cardinality using the SQL Average function will be 4 x 12 = 48 when we really want 12
•Solution is retrieve the sum and cardinality components, then calculate the ratio
–Cardinality could be relative (ie. period averages); cardinality could computed based on dimension data or based on facts (ie. Average product sales by Brand for 1/01 - number of products in a brand would need to be the cardinality in the average for each brand).  The latter would require 2 queries.
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