Think like humans
"cognitive science"
Ex. GPS |
Think rationally
=> formalize inference process
"laws of thought" |
Act like humans
Ex. ELIZA
Turing Test |
Act rationally
"satisficing" methods |
- Think like humans
"Cognitive science" approach - Focus not just on behavior and I/O,
look at the reasoning process. A computational model should reflect
"how" results were obtained. The research goal is not just to produce humanlike
behavior but to produce a sequence of steps of the reasoning process that was similar
to the steps followed by a person in solving the same task.
The cognitive science approach:
- 1960s ``cognitive revolution'': information-processing
psychology replaced prevailing orthodoxy of behaviorism
- Scientific theories of internal activities of the brain
- What level of abstraction? Knowledge or Circuits?
- Cognitive science: Predicting and testing behavior of human subjects (top-down)
- Cognitive neuroscience: Direct identification from neurological data (bottom-up)
- Both approaches have now evolved to become distinct fields from AI
- Both share with AI the following characteristic:
The available theories do not explain or re-create anything resembling complete human level
general intelligence
images from Oxford fMRI Center